In the Theory of Reasoned Action, which elements influence behavioral intention?

• A. Perceived behavioral control and self-efficacy
• B. Attitude toward the behavior and social norms
• C. Cues to action and perceived barriers
• D. Autonomy and relatedness

Answer: (B)

In the Theory of Reasoned Action, the likelihood you intend to perform a behavior comes from two beliefs about that behavior: your attitude toward performing it and your perception of social norms. If you see the behavior as beneficial and you believe that important people in your life expect you to do it (and you’re motivated to comply), your behavioral intention strengthens, making actual engagement more probable. The other options tap into constructs from different theories—perceived behavioral control and self-efficacy relate to the ease or ability to act (and are central to the Theory of Planned Behavior), cues to action and perceived barriers come from the Health Belief Model, and autonomy and relatedness come from Self-Determination Theory. For example, deciding to start exercising is most influenced by thinking exercise will help you and by sensing that people you care about support or expect you to exercise, which together boost your intention to act.